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Worcester Foundation for Biomedical Research
The Worcester Foundation for Biomedical Research (WFBR) was a non-profit biomedical research institute based in Shrewsbury, Massachusetts.〔http://www.umassmed.edu/Content.aspx?id=40040〕〔http://www.umassmed.edu/Content.aspx?id=38320〕
==History==
The foundation was established as an independent research center under the name Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology (WFEB) in 1944 by Hudson Hoagland and Gregory Pincus. It was best known for the development of the combined oral contraceptive pill by Pincus and Min Chueh Chang, an important development in modern birth control, and for pioneering research on ''in vitro'' fertilization by Chang. In the 1970s, WFEB scientists undertook the first systematic study of anti-tumor effects of the anti-estrogen tamoxifen led by 2003 Kettering Prize recipient V. Craig Jordan and initial studies of aromatase inhibitors by 2005 Kettering prize recipient Angela Brodie, two important classes of drugs to treat breast cancer.
In the 1950s and 1960s the WFEB sponsored a Pre-Collegiate Science Summer Program, similar to but shorter-lived than the Jackson Laboratory's Summer Student Program in Maine. Selected high school juniors and seniors spent several weeks living in the dormitories of nearby Saint Mark's School, and doing advanced biochemical lab work under the guidance of St. Mark's teachers Frederick R. Avis and Anna Pliscz. After studying the anatomy of mice in Avis' textbook (About Mice and Man ), they performed surgery on them, using anesthesia and sterile techniques similar to those used in human surgery, transplanted tumors from one mouse to another, isolated 17-ketosteroids from their own urine, and did blood counts and manometric oxygen consumption measurements on bovine livers and kidneys maintained in a perfusion apparatus, among other experiments.
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